Question

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.

	Column I		Column II
A.	Bishnoi community	(i)	Rajasthan
B.	Chipko movement	(ii)	Reduce the emission of ozone depleting substances
C.	Montreal protocol	(iii)	Garhwal Himalayas
D.	Kyoto protocol	(iv)	Reduce the emission of greenhouse gases

• A. A-(i), B-(iii), c-(ii), D-(iv)
• B. A-(i), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(ii)
• C. A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iv)
• D. A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)

Answer 1

The correct option is A A-(i), B-(iii), c-(ii), D-(iv)

A. Bishnoi community	The Bishnois are a community in India living mostly in the states of Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh. They are renowned for adapting to the harsh conditions of the Thar Desert. As such, they are a perfect example for showing that the biodiversity of Rajasthan’s arid desert can be preserved not by isolating people, but through their active participation. Bishnoi population in Rajasthan is around 640,000, making it the state with the largest number of their people. So the correct option is 'rajasthan'.
B. Chipko movement	The Chipko movement or Chipko Andolan was a forest conservation movement in India where people embraced the trees to prevent them from being cut down. It began in April 1973 in Reni village of Chamoli district, Uttarakhand and went on to become a rallying point for many future environmental movements all over the world.It created a precedent for starting of nonviolent protest in India, and its success meant that the world immediately took notice of this non-violent movement, which was to inspire in time many such eco-groups by helping to slow down the rapid deforestation, expose vested interests, increase ecological awareness, and demonstrate the viability of people power. Hastened by increasing hardships, the Garhwal Himalayas soon became the centre for a rising ecological awareness of how reckless deforestation had denuded much of the forest cover, resulting in the devastating Alaknanda River floods of July 1970, when a major landslide blocked the river and affected an area starting from Hanuman Chatti, near Badrinath to 320 kilometer downstream till Haridwar, further numerous villages, bridges and roads were washed away. So the correct option is 'Garhwal Himalayas'.
C. Montreal protocol	Montreal protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. It was agreed on 26 August 1987, and entered into force on 26 August 1989, followed by a first meeting in Helsinki, May 1989. Since then, it has undergone eight revisions, in 1990 (London), 1991 (Nairobi), 1992 (Copenhagen), 1993 (Bangkok), 1995 (Vienna), 1997 (Montreal), 1998 (Australia), 1999 (Beijing) and 2016 (Kigali, adopted, but not in force). So the correct option is 'reduce the emission of ozone depleting substances'.
D. Kyoto protocol	The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty which extends the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that commits state parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, based on the scientific consensus that (part one) global warming is occurring and (part two) it is extremely likely that human-made CO2 emissions have predominantly caused it. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan on 11 December 1997 and entered into force on 16 February 2005. There are currently 192 parties (Canada withdrew from the protocol, effective December 2012) to the Protocol. So the correct option is 'reduce the emission of greenhouse gases'.