Consider the fractions 13 and 26.
Note that 26=13×22.
What we've done is multiply 13 by 22, where 22 is just a fractional form of 1, and since we are multiplying by 1, we are not changing the value of the given fraction. Thus, 13 and 26 are equivalent fractions.
Similarly, 510=12×55,
912=34×33 and 69=23×33.