Accretionary growth is the growth by an increase of intercellular material like erythropoiesis process, the process which produces red blood cells (erythrocytes).
Gerontology is the study of the social, psychological, cognitive and biological aspects of ageing.
According to somatic mutation theory, genetic mutations occur and accumulate with increasing age, causing cells to deteriorate and malfunction.
Autotomy or self mutilation is the behaviour whereby an animal sheds or discards one or more of its own appendages usually as a case of self-defense mechanism.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.