Question

Match the columns.

1. Cytochrome pump theory	A. Mitchell
2. Streaming of protoplasm	B. Lundegardh
3. Chemiosmotic hypothesis	C. Munch
4. Symplast and apoplast	D. de Vries

• A. 1- B, 2- D, 3- A, 4- C
• B. 1- A, 2- B, 3- C, 4- D
• C. 1- B, 2- D, 3- C, 4- A
• D. 1- C, 2- B, 3- A, 4- D

Answer 1

Answer: (A)

1- B, 2- D, 3- A, 4- C

Cytochrome pump theory was proposed by Lundegardh in 1954. This theory states, that there is a direct correlation between the anion absorption and respiration.

Cytoplasmic or protoplasmic streaming theory was given by De Vries in 1885. According to this theory in a sieve tube element, organic solutes pass to all parts by cytoplasmic streaming, while they pass from one sieve element to another through diffusion.
The chemiosmotic mechanism for ATP synthesis was given by Mitchell. According to this theory, the ATP is synthesized by $F_0$-$F_1$ ATPase enzymes when protons flow along the electrochemical gradient.
Apoplast and symplast were explained by Munch in 1931. Nonliving continuum of the plant body, which consists of cell walls, intercellular spaces, and water filled xylem channels is called as apoplast. The living continuum of the plant formed of protoplasts connected by plasmodesmata constitutes the symplast.