Question

Match the columns.

Column 1	Column 2
Vaporisation	Solid
Sublimation	Gas
Fixed shape and fixed mass	Liquid converted into gas
Highly compressible	Alloys
Homogenous mixture of metals	Ammonium chloride

Answer 1

(A) Vaporisation- Vaporisation is a process of liquid getting converted into its gaseous state.

• It is also known as boiling.
• Matters normally exist in three states viz. solid, liquid and gas.
• The states of matters can be interchanged with the release or absorption of heat.
• State change can be understood from the flow chart given below.
  $\mathrm{Solid}\underset{\mathrm{Freezing}}{\overset{\mathrm{Melting}}{\rightleftharpoons }}\mathrm{Liquid}\underset{\mathrm{Condensation}}{\overset{\mathrm{Boiling}/\mathrm{vaporisation}}{\rightleftharpoons }}\mathrm{Gas}$

(B) Sublimation- Sublimation is a process in which a matter goes from a solid state to a gaseous state directly without undergoing into the liquid state.

• It is observed in Ammonium chloride, camphor, naphthalene, etc.
• $\underset{\mathrm{Ammonium}\mathrm{chloride}}{{\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}\left(\mathrm{s}\right)}\stackrel{\mathrm{sublimation}}{\to }\underset{\mathrm{Ammonium}\mathrm{chloride}\mathrm{vapor}}{{\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}\left(\mathrm{g}\right)}$

(C) Fixed shape and fixed mass-

• Solids are characterised by fixed shape and fixed volume.
• A solid can be rigid or flexible, hard or soft, compressible or non-compressible, and light or heavy.
• A wooden block and a piece of chalk are the two examples of solids.

(D) Highly compressible-

• The space between molecules is known as inter-molecular space.
• Gases have the most inter-molecular space and solids have the least.
• The order of the inter-molecular space in three states is $\mathrm{Gas}>\mathrm{Liquid}>\mathrm{Solid}$
• Since the space between gases is more it can be compressed whereas compressing solid without deformation is a hard task to perform.
• Hence, gases are highly compressible.

(E) Homogeneous mixture of metals-

• Alloys are a homogeneous mixture of different metals made to deliver some desired properties.
• Brass is an example of an alloy of copper(Cu) and zinc(Zn).
• Homogenous mixture- The mixtures which have the identical distribution of particles, as well as identical properties throughout, are called homogenous mixtures.
• Sugar solution in water is an example of a homogenous mixture.
• Heterogenous mixture- The mixture which does not have an identical distribution of particles and has different properties in different parts are called a heterogeneous mixture.
• Sand in water is an example of it.

Hence, the matched column will be-

Column A	Column B
Vaporisation	Liquid converted into gas
Sublimation	Ammonium chloride
Fixed shape and fixed mass	Solid
Highly compressible	Gas
Homogeneous mixture of metals	Alloys