Question

Match the columns.

A. Water supply in the plant is due to	1. Capillary action
B. The particle principle by which blotting paper absorbs water is	2. Osmosis
C. Conduction of water against gravitational pull is due to	3. Transpiration
D. Carrier proteins are responsible for	4. Active ion transport

• A. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
• B. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
• C. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
• D. A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3

Answer 1

The correct option is B A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules along the concentration gradient across the cell membrane. Thus, water supply in the plants is due to the process of osmosis. Paper is basically made up of cellulose. Cellulose microfibrils are arranged in such a manner that there are capillary spaces formed between them. When exposed to water or some other solvent, water rises in these capillaries due to capillary action. This is purely physical process and is responsible for fast absorption of water by paper.
Water rises in the plant body due to transpiration pull. Transpiration leads to loss of water from the plant, which generates a pulling force on the continuous water column present in the xylem elements. Hence, water rises in the plant body.
Carrier proteins are located in the cell membrane for transport of specific solutes. They are integral membrane proteins, which transport solutes using ATP energy. This process is called active transport.