Question

Match the contents of column I with the contents of column II. Column I mentions tests and treatments. Column II mentions the name of the methods commonly used.

• A. A→ iii; B→ v; C→ vi; D→ iv; E→ ii
• B. A→ vi; B→ ii; C→ iii; D→ i; E→ v
• C. A→ iv; B→ v; C→ vii; D→ i; E→ ii
• D. A→ iv; B→ v; C→ i; D→ vii; E→ ii

Answer 1

The correct option is D A→ iv; B→ v; C→ i; D→ vii; E→ ii

Tests for allergens can be done by a simple skin test. These can be done in various ways. Skin prick test is done to check for allergies against pollen, animal dander, dust mites, etc. Injection test is done to check allergies against antibiotics like penicillin. Patch tests are done to check for allergies against a variety of substances.

Allergies mainly involve the increase in levels of IgE antibodies and chemicals like histamine and serotonin released from the mast cells and basophils in the blood. Histamines are vasodilators which cause the dilation of peripheral blood vessels. This results in the decrease of blood pressure and reduces the blood flow. Use of antihistamines and antiinflammatory drugs can help subside these symptoms.

Preliminary testing for AIDS is done using a technique called ELISA (Enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay) where antibodies against the organism are detected. The confirmation test for AIDS is Western Blot where the presence of proteins in minute quantities can be detected. Western Blot is used as a confirmatory test for patients who have reported HIV-positive.

There is no cure for AIDS. But there are certain drugs which are used to check the progression of the disease and prolong the life of the individual. Zidovudine is one such drug that prevents the multiplication of Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

The Mantoux test is used as a diagnostic tool to screen for tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

The Widal test is employed for the diagnosis of typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria.