Question

Match the following.

Column 1	Column 2
Diaphragm	Cartilaginous
Trachea	Breathing
Alveoli	Voice box
Larynx	Large surface area
Epiglottis	Swallowing

Answer 1

(A) Diaphragm (ii) Breathing

1. The diaphragm helps in the inspiration and expiration of air in and out of the lungs.
2. At the time of inspiration, the diaphragm contracts, increasing the pulmonary volume,
3. Thereby reducing the intrapulmonary pressure to less than the atmospheric pressure, and air moves into the lungs.
4. At the time of expiration, the diaphragm expands, decreasing the pulmonary volume.
5. Thereby increasing the intrapulmonary pressure, Ir moves out of the lungs.

(B) Trachea (i) Cartilaginous rings

1. The walls of the trachea have C-shaped cartilaginous rings.
2. These prevent the trachea from collapsing.

(C) Alveoli (iv) Large surface area

1. Bronchioles connect to tiny ducts that lead to air sacs called alveolar sacs.
2. Each air sac has a group of alveoli.
3. Alveoli allow for a large surface area for this gas exchange to take place

(D) Larynx (iii) Voicebox

1. The larynx is also called the voice box.
2. It contains muscular tissues called the vocal cord that vibrate with the passage of air and produce sound.

(E) Epiglottis (v) Swallowing

1. The front opening of the trachea is called the glottis.
2. Glottis is guarded by the epiglottis.
3. The epiglottis closes the trachea at the time of swallowing.