Question

Match the following.

(A) Simple distillation	(i) To separate the liquids which are steam volatile, insoluble in water and contains non-volatile impurities.
(B) Fractional distillation	(ii) To separate liquids which decompose at a temperature below their normal boiling points
(C) Vacuum distillation	(iii) To separate two or more liquids which have boiling points close to each other.
(D) Steam distillation	(iv) To separate liquid from non-volatile impurities.

• A. (A)-(i), (B)-(ii), (C)-(iii), (D)-(iv)
• B. (A)-(iv), (B)-(iii), (C)-(ii), (D)-(i)
• C. (A)-(iii), (B)-(i), (C)-(iv), (D)-(ii)
• D. (A)-(ii), (B)-(iv), (C)-(i), (D)-(iii)

Answer 1

The correct option is B (A)-(iv), (B)-(iii), (C)-(ii), (D)-(i)

$\text{Simple Distillation}$ is used to separate volatile liquid from non volatile impurities or two volatile liquids having significant boiling point difference. When two liquids have different boiling points, they vapourise at different temperatures.

If the boiling points of two liquids is close to each other, they are separated by fractional distillation. Usually the difference in the boiling points of two liquids to be separated by $\text{Fractional distillation}$ is 30 deg C or more.

$\text{Vacuum distillation}$ or distillation under reduced pressure as the method is used for the purification of high boiling liquids and liquids which decompose at or below their boiling points.

$\text{Steam distillation}$ is employed for those liquids which are insoluble in water, containing non-volatile impurities and are steam volatile.

(A)-(iv), (B)-(iii), (C)-(ii), (D)-(i)

Option B is correct.