Question

Match the following and find correct combination.

(a) Obligatory anaerobe	(i) Fasciala hepatica
(b) Facultative anaerobe	(ii) Antelope
(c) Polyembryony	(iii) Ascaris lumbricoides
(d) Reservoir host	(iv) Female Culex mosquito
(e) Biological vector	(v) Entamoeba histolytica

• A. a-v, b-ii, c-i, d-iii, e-iv
• B. a-v, b-iii, c-i, d-ii, e-iv
• C. a-iv, b-ii, c-i, d-iii, e-v
• D. a-iv, b-iii, c-i, d-ii, e-v

Answer 1

The correct option is B a-v, b-iii, c-i, d-ii, e-iv

B. a-v, b-iii, c-i, d-ii, e-iv

EXPLANATION:

• Obligatory anaerobes are microorganisms. These are killed by normal atmospheric concentrations of oxygen. Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium tetani, Bacteroides fragilis, Entamoeba histolytica are some examples of obligatory anaerobes.
• Facultative anaerobes are organisms that makes ATP by aerobic respiration in the presence of oxygen. Without oxygen they can form ATP by the process of fermentation to continue living and growing. E. coli, Brewer's yeast, Yersinia pestis, Ascaris lumbricoides are some examples of facultative anaerobes.
• Polyembryony is a formation of one embryo from a single fertilized ovum. The fertilization of Fasciola hepatica is an example of polyembryony. The larval stages of Fasciola hepatica is propagated by asexual multiplication. A reservoir host serves as a source of infection of humans and as a means of sustaining a parasite when it is not infecting humans.
• Antelope is a reservoir host for Trypanosoma gambiense. Biological vector is an animal body, in which the pathogenic organisms develop and multiply before the transmission to the next host.
• Female culex mosquito is the vector of West Nile fever, Japanese encephalitis and St. Louis encephalitis.