Question

Match the following:
$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Column I}& \text{Column II}\\ \text{p. Gene flow}& \text{i. Transfer of alleles from one population to another}\\ \text{q. Bottleneck effect}& \text{ii. A change in the frequency of alleles mainly}\text{due to chance events}\\ \text{r. Founder effect}& \text{iii. A sharp lowering of a population’s gene}\text{pool due to natural disasters}\\ \text{s. Genetic drift}& \text{iv. A few members of the original population}\text{colonise a new location away from the old}\end{array}$

• A. p-i, q-ii, r-iii, s-iv
• B. p-ii, q-i, r-iii, s-iv
• C. p-i, q-iii, r-iv, s-ii
• D. p-ii, q-iii, r-iv, s-i

Answer 1

The correct option is C

p-i, q-iii, r-iv, s-ii

The major forces that control the process of evolution are gene flow, genetic drift, mutation pressure and natural selection.

Gene flow is the transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another.

Genetic drift refers to a change in the frequency of alleles or genes in a population, due to chance events. Bottleneck effect and founder effect are two phenomena that increase the impact of genetic drift.

Bottleneck effect is the phenomenon by which natural disasters bring about a sharp lowering of a population’s gene pool.

Founder effect is a phenomenon by which a few members of the original population colonise a new location away from the old.