Match the following columns.
$ $\begin{matrix} C o l u m n I & C o l u m n I I A . Proximal~convoluted~tubule & 1. F o r m a t i o n o f c o n c e n t c r a t e d u r i n e B . Distal~Convoluted~Tubule & 2. F i l t r a t i o n o f b l o o d C . Henle's~loop & 3. R e a b s o r p t i o n o f 70 - 80 o f D . Counter~current~mechanisms & 4. I o n i c b a l a n c e E . Renal~corpuscle & 5. M a i n t e n a n c e o f c o n c e n t r a t i o n g r a d i e n t i n m e d u l l a . \end{matrix}$
(a) $\begin{matrix} A & B & C & D & E 3 & 5 & 4 & 2 & 1 \end{matrix}$
(b)

$\begin{matrix} A & B & C & D & E 3 & 4 & 1 & 5 & 2 \end{matrix}$
(c) $\begin{matrix} A & B & C & D & E 1 & 3 & 2 & 5 & 4 \end{matrix}$
(d) $\begin{matrix} A & B & C & D & E 3 & 1 & 4 & 5 & 2 \end{matrix}$ $

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Solution

The proximal convoluted tubule is involved in reabsorption of 70-80 of electrolytes.
The distal Convoluted tubule is involved in secretion of hydrogen. Potassium ions and $N H_{3}$ in order to maintain pH and sodium-potassium balance in the blood (ionic balance).
Henle loop (the descending limb ) is permeable to water but almost impermeable to electrolytes. This concentrates the urine (filtrate ) as it moves down.
Countercurrent mechanisms help to maintain a concentration gradient in the medullary interstitium of the kidney.
Renal corpuscle involves filtration of blood via glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.

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Q. Match the correct options with respect to the functions.

\begin{matrix} Column 1 & Column 2 A)Proximal convoluted tubule & 1) Formation of concentrated urine B)Distal convoluted tubule & 2) Filtration of blood C)Henle’s loop & 3) 70-80% reabsorption D)Countercurrent mechanism & 4) ionic balance E)Renal corpuscle & 5) Maintenance of concentration gradient in medulla \end{matrix}

Q. Match the terms given in column /i with their physiological processes given in column II and choose the correct answer.
Column I Column II
A. Proximal convoluted tubule (i) Formation of concentrated urine
B. Distal convoluted tubule (ii) Filtration of blood
C. Henle's loop (iii) Reabsorption of

70 - 80

of eletrolytes
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	Column $- I$		Column $- II$
$A$	Proximal convoluted tubule	$i$	Formation of concentrated urine
$B$	Distal convoluted tubule	$i i$	Filtration of blood
$C$	Henle’s loop	iii	Reabsorption of $70 - 80 %$ of electrolytes
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