Question

Match the following gas laws with the equation representing them.

$\begin{array}{cccc}& \text{Column I}& & \text{Column II}\\ \text{(A)}& \text{Boyle’s law}& \text{i)}& \text{V}\propto n\text{at constant}T\text{and}p\\ \text{(B)}& \text{Charle’s law}& \text{ii)}& p_{total}=p_1+p_2+p_3+\dots \text{at constant}T,V\\ \text{(C)}& \text{Dalton’s law}& \text{iii)}& \frac{pV}{T}=constant\\ \text{(D)}& \text{Avogadro law}& \text{iv)}& V\propto T\text{at constant}n\text{and}p\\ & & \text{v)}& p\propto \frac{1}{V}\text{at constant}n\text{and}T\end{array}$

Answer 1

The correct match can be represented as:

$\begin{array}{cccc}& \text{Column I}& & \text{Column II}\\ \text{(A)}& \text{Boyle’s law}& \text{v)}& p\propto \frac{1}{V}\text{at constant}n\text{and}T\\ \text{(B)}& \text{Charle’s law}& \text{iv)}& V\propto T\text{at constant}n\text{and}p\\ \text{(C)}& \text{Dalton’s law}& \text{ii)}& p_{total}=p_1+p_2+p_3+\dots \text{at constant}T,V\\ \text{(D)}& \text{Avogadro law}& \text{i)}& V\propto n\text{at constant}T\text{and}p\end{array}$

$\left(A\right)\to \left(v\right)$,
Boyle’s law- It states that, at constant temperature for given number of gaseous moles (i.e., $n$ is constant), if the pressure exerted on the gas is increased then the volume of the gas will decrease $(p\propto \frac{1}{V})$.
Hence, at constant temperature and moles, pressure and volume are inversely proportional to each other.

$\left(B\right)\to \left(iv\right)$,
Charles’s law- It states that, at constant pressure for given number of moles (i.e., $n$ is constant), if the temperature is increased, the volume of the gas will also increase (i.e. $V\propto T$ at constant $n$ and $p$). So, temperature and volume are directly proportional to each other for constant $n$ and $p$.

$\left(C\right)\to \left(ii\right)$,
Dalton’s law- It states that, at constant volume and temperature, the total pressure of the gaseous mixture of two or more non-reacting gases is equal to the algebraic sum of their partial pressures ( i.e., $p_{total}=p_1+p_2+p_3+\dots$ at constant $T,V$).

$\left(D\right)\to \left(i\right)$,
Avogadro’s law- It states that, at constant temperature and volume, equal volumes of all gases contain equal number of moles (i.e., $V\propto n$ at constant $T$ and $p$).