Question

Match the following hormones with their antagonistic hormones.
$\begin{array}{cccc}& \text{Hormone~ 1}& & \text{Hormone - 2}\\ \text{p}& \text{Insulin}& \text{1}& \text{Calcitonin}\\ \text{q}& \text{Growth hormone releasing hormone}& \text{2}& \text{Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)}\\ \text{r}& \text{Parathyroid hormone}& \text{3}& \text{Glucagon}\\ \text{s}& \text{Aldosterone}& \text{4}& \text{Somatostatin}\end{array}$

• A. p-3,q-4, r- 1. s-2
• B. p-1,q-2, r- 3. s-4
• C. p-3,q-1, r- 4. s-2
• D. p-2,q-3, r- 1. s-4

Answer 1

The correct option is A p-3,q-4, r- 1. s-2

Insulin and glucagon are antagonistic hormones released by the pancreas. These two hormones help in maintaining glucose homeostasis.

• Glucagon stimulates breaking down of glycogen, thereby increasing blood glucose levels.
• Insulin stimulates the uptake of glucose by cells, thereby reducing blood glucose levels.

Growth hormone releasing hormone and somatostatin are antagonistic hormones released by the hypothalamus. These two hormones have a role in maintaining the growth of the body.

• Growth hormone releasing hormone stimulates the release of growth hormone by the pituitary.
• Somatostatin inhibits the release of growth hormone from the pituitary.

Parathyroid hormone (parathyroid gland) and calcitonin (thyroid gland) hormones are antagonistic hormones. These two hormones maintain blood calcium levels.

• Parathyroid hormone stimulates bone resorption, thereby increasing calcium levels in the blood.
• Calcitonin promotes the deposition of calcium in bones, thereby lowering the blood calcium levels.

Aldosterone and atrial natriuretic factor are antagonistic hormones. Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid synthesized by the adrenal cortex. Atrial natriuretic factor is synthesized by the atrial wall of the heart.

• Aldosterone is a vasoconstrictor, i.e., a hormone which narrows the diameter of blood vessels.
• Atrial natriuretic factor is a vasodilator, i.e., it dilates blood vessels.