Question

Match the following plant varieties to their respective descriptions: $\begin{array}{cc}\text{i. Winter variety}& \text{1. Planted in spring, grows till winter,}\\ & \text{flowers and forms seeds in the next year.}\\ \text{ii. Spring variety}& \text{2. Planted in autumn, germinates in}\\ & \text{winter, grows in spring, and}\\ & \text{harvested usually during mid-summer.}\\ \text{iii. Biennial variety}& \text{3. Planted in spring and}\\ & \text{harvested during autumn.}\end{array}$

• A. i-2, ii-3, iii-1
• B. i-3, ii-2, iii-1
• C. i-1, ii-3, iii-2
• D. i-1, ii-2, iii-3

Answer 1

The correct option is A i-2, ii-3, iii-1

Vernalization is the phenomenon in which flowering depends on the exposure to low temperatures. Vernalization helps the plant achieve proper vegetative growth which is a period of growth of the plant between germination and flowering.

Based on which season the plant is sown and when the flowers bloom, plants can be classified as:

1. Annual plants: they tend to complete their life cycle within one year. These plants are further classified into:
i. Spring variety: They are planted in spring, and grow and flower before the autumn ends.
ii. Winter variety: They are planted in autumn, germinate in winter, grow in spring, and are harvested usually during mid-summer.

2. Biennial plants are defined as flowering plants that have a lifespan of 2 years. These are monocarpic plants that usually produce flowers and die in the second season.

3. Perennial plants can live for more than two years. They can produce flowers and bear seeds more than once in their life cycle.

The various stages of development in annual and biennial plants in different seasons can be easily understood by the following diagram: