Swaroopams were principalities that emerged after the end of Perumal rule in the 12th century. The major Swaroopams were Kola Swaroopam in Kolathunadu, Nediyiruppu Swaroopam in Ernad, Perumpadappu Swaroopam in Kochi, and Thrippapur Swaroopam in Venadu.