Question

Match the following terms of column I with respective explanations in column II.
$\begin{array}{cc}\text{Column I}& \text{Column II}\\ \text{P. Gene cloning}& \text{i. Genetic material from multiple sources}\\ \text{Q. Recombinant DNA}& \text{ii. Numerous copies of gene of interest}\\ \text{R. Genetic engineering}& \text{iii. Vegetative propagation}\\ \text{S. Clones}& \text{iv. Techniques used to modify the genome of an organism}\end{array}$

• A. P - ii, Q - i, R - iv, S - iii
• B. P - iv, Q - iii, R - i, S - ii
• C. P -iii, Q - ii, R - i, S - iv
• D. P - ii, Q - i, R - iii, S - iv

Answer 1

The correct option is A P - ii, Q - i, R - iv, S - iii

Gene cloning is the process of isolating the gene of interest and making its copies. This is done by attaching the gene of interest with a plasmid having the origin of replication. The gene of interest along with the plasmid DNA is called recombinant DNA or rDNA. Hence, rDNA is formed when genetic material from two or more sources are linked together, creating a new sequence. The recombinant DNA is then introduced inside a host cell so that it can keep on replicating there. The produced copies are called clones. This is analogous to vegetative propagation.

All the above mentioned techniques are a type of genetic engineering techniques. Genetic engineering refers to direct manipulation of an organism’s genome using biotechnology. This is used primarily in the production of genetically modified crops.

Vegetative propagation is an asexual method of plant reproduction that involves propagation using vegetative parts of plants like leaves, roots and stem. These structures which can give rise to new plants are called vegetative propagules.