Question

Match list-I with List-II

Column 1	Column 2
Lucas method	${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$
Dumas method	${\mathrm{C}}_6{\mathrm{H}}_5{\mathrm{SO}}_2\mathrm{Cl}/\mathrm{aq}.\mathrm{KOH}$
kjeldalh's method	$\mathrm{CuO}/{\mathrm{CO}}_2$
Hinsberg test	$\mathrm{Conc}\mathrm{HCl}$ and ${\mathrm{ZnCl}}_2$

Answer 1

(A) Lucas method-(IV) $\mathrm{Conc}\mathrm{HCl}$ and ${\mathrm{ZnCl}}_2$

1. The Lucas Test is a procedure used to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols utilizing the Lucas reagent and alcohols.
2. This reaction uses a unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism to create a carbocation as an intermediate.
3. The Lucas reagent is a mixture of strong hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride. As a result, it is also known as a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid.
4. Lower molecular weight alcohols are classified using it. Finally, the hydroxyl group is replaced by chloride, resulting in a substitution process. The transition of the clear, colorless solution to the turbid state, which indicates the creation of chloroalkanes, is the result of the reaction.

(B) Dumas method- (III) $\mathrm{CuO}/{\mathrm{CO}}_2$

1. The Dumas method, commonly referred to as the combustion method, is the technique for determining nitrogen and protein levels because it offers quick results, user-friendliness, and safety.
2. Carbon dioxide, free nitrogen gas, and oxygen gas are released when the nitrogen molecule is heated in the presence of a reducing agent like copper oxide.

(C) Kjeldalh's method- (I) ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$

1. The Kjeldahl method is an analytical chemistry technique that helps in quantifying and identifying nitrogen contained in both organic and inorganic molecules.
2. The given or collected organic sample is first treated with a strong acid solution, primarily ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$. At a very high temperature, the solution is brought to a boil. The sample is broken down by the acid solution to create an ammonium sulfate solution.
3. Boiling and condensation are combined in this specific technique. To turn the ammonium sulfate solution into amnonia gas, an excessive amount of base is added to the newly created solution.
4. The final product from the preceding procedure is titrated to provide the desired results in order to finally measure the nitrogen present in the sample.

(D) Hinsberg test- (II)${\mathrm{C}}_6{\mathrm{H}}_5{\mathrm{SO}}_2\mathrm{Cl}/\mathrm{aq}.\mathrm{KOH}$

1. A chemical process called the Hinsberg test is used to differentiate between primary, secondary, and tertiary amines.
2. An alternative name for benzene sulfonyl chloride is hinsberg reagent.
3. The chemical formula for this reagent, which is an organosulfur compound, is ${\mathrm{C}}_6{\mathrm{H}}_5{\mathrm{SO}}_2\mathrm{Cl}$. The Hinsberg reagents are a thick, colorless oil that is soluble in organic solvents.

Final answer:

Test/Method	Reagent
(A) Lucas method	(I) $\mathrm{Conc}\mathrm{HCl}$ and ${\mathrm{ZnCl}}_2$
(B) Dumas method	(II) $\mathrm{CuO}/{\mathrm{CO}}_2$
(C) Kjeldalh's method	(III) ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{SO}}_4$
(D) Hinsberg test	(IV) ${\mathrm{C}}_6{\mathrm{H}}_5{\mathrm{SO}}_2\mathrm{Cl}/\mathrm{aq}.\mathrm{KOH}$