Question

Match the items given in Column I with those in Column Il and select the correct option given below.

Column I	Column II
p. Eutrophication	i. Shielded containers
q. Sanitary landfills	ii. Organic farming
r. Radioactive waste	iii. Nutrient enrichment
s. Compost	iv. Waste disposal

• A. p-i, q-iii, r- iv, s –ii
• B. p-ii, q-i, r- iii, s –iv
• C. p-i, q-ii, r- iv, s –iii
• D. p-iii, q-iv, r- i, s –ii

Answer 1

The correct option is D p-iii, q-iv, r- i, s –ii

Eutrophication is the process of aging of a water body due to excessive growth of algae, plants and other aquatic organisms. Eutrophication happens due to nutrient enrichment with nitrates and phosphate. This occurs mainly as a result of agricultural runoff reaching the water bodies containing fertilizers enriched with nitrates and phosphates, not carbonates.

In a sanitary landfill, wastes are dumped in a depression in the ground, garbage are dumped as layers, due to which they undergo compaction. It is covered with a layer of dirt every day. This prevents odours and also windblown debris. This method isolates the waste from the rest of the environment and prevents breeding by flies and rats.

Radioactive (or nuclear) waste is a byproduct from nuclear reactors, fuel processing plants, hospitals and research facilities. Radioactive wastes after sufficient pretreatment are stored in shielded containers. They are then buried deep within the rocks about 500m below the Earth’s surface.

Agrochemical wastes contribute significantly to eutrophication, the fertilizers applied to crops contain nutrients upon reaching the lake accelerate Eutrophication. One of the effective alternatives is Organic farming. In organic farming, whatever crop wastes are collected pre and post-harvest is reused. This crop waste is used to make compost. It is used to fertilize the soil.