Question

Match the lists and find the correct option :

	LIST I		LIST II
A	Founder effect	1	Long-necked giraffes
B	Bottleneck effect	2	Heterozygous for sickle cell anemia
C	Genetic load	3	Pitcaim island human population
D	Directional selection	4	Polydactylic dwarf individuals
		5	Sunflower population in California

• A. A - 2, B - 4, C - 3, D - 1
• B. A - 1, B - 4, C - 2, D - 3
• C. A - 3, B - 4, C - 2, D - 1
• D. A - 2, B - 3, C - 4, D - 1

Answer 1

The correct option is C A - 3, B - 4, C - 2, D - 1

1. Founder effect: Sometimes the change in allelic frequency is so drastic that in the new sample of population the variants form a different species. The original drifted population from which the variants arose becomes founder

species and this effect is called founder effect. Eg : Pitcaim island human population.

2. Bottleneck effect : Genetic bottleneck is a sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events or human activities. Eg : Polydactylic dwarf individuals.

3. Genetic load : It the presence of unfavourable genetic material in the genes of a population. Eg : Heterozygous for sickle cell anemia.

4. Directional selection : The type of evolution where one extreme of trait is favoured over other in a population. Continuous selection of this favoured trait would result making it more common among population and the other less favoured trait gradually becomes less common and eventually it becomes lost. Eg : Long-necked giraffes are selected over Short-necked giraffes.

So, the correct answer is 'A - 3, B - 4, C - 2, D - 1'