Question

Match the options given in column I with appropriate items of column II.

• A. a - iii, b - iv, c - v, d - i, e - ii
• B. a - i, b - ii, c - iii, d - iv, e - v
• C. a - iii, b - v, c - iv, d - i, e - ii
• D. a - iii, b - iv, c - ii, d - i, e - v

Answer 1

The correct option is D a - iii, b - iv, c - ii, d - i, e - v

Stomata are pores in the leaf that allow gaseous exchange. This allows excess water vapor to leave (transpiration) the plant and carbon dioxide to enter when required.

Hydathodes are involved in the process of guttation, in which positive xylem pressure (due to root pressure) causes liquid to exude from the pores.

The root hair present in the roots help to increase the effective surface area for absorption of water and minerals from the soil. This can then be transported upwards for further utilisation.

The ascent of sap in the xylem vessel of plants is the upward movement of water and minerals from the root to the upper part of the plant body.

Potassium ions are actively pumped (by a potassium pump) from the subsidiary cells into the vacuoles of the guard cells. This is accompanied by flow of water into the guard cells by osmosis which lead to their uneven swelling. This results in opening of stomata.