Question

Match the species in Column I with the geometry/shape in Column II.

	Column I		Column II
A	$H_3{O}^{+}$	$\left(i\right)$	Linear
B	$HC\equiv CH$	$\left(ii\right)$	Angular
C	$Cl{O}_2^{-}$	$\left(iii\right)$	Tetrahedal
D	$N{H}_4^{+}$	$\left(iv\right)$	Trigonal bipy ramidal
		$\left(v\right)$	Pyramidal

Answer 1

VSEPR theory

VSEPR theory provides a simple procedure to predict the shapes of covalent molecules based on the repulsive interactions of the electron pairs in the valence shell of the atoms.

Hybridisation and number of lone pairs/ bond pairs decide the shape and geometry of the molecules.

Geometry is fixed for a hybridization, but the shape varies.

Total number of hybrid orbitals = No. of sigma bonds made by central atom + No. of lone pairs of electrons on central atom

Molecules	BP	LP	Total number of hybrid orbitals	Hybridisation	Shape/geometry
$H_3{O}^{+}$	1	3	4	$s{p}^3$	Pyramidal
$HC\equiv CH$	0	2	2	$sp$	Linear
$C{l}_2{O}^{-}$	2	2	4	$s{p}^3$	Angular
$N{H}_4^{+}$	0	4	4	$s{p}^3$	Tetrahydral

	Column I		ColumnII
A	$H_3{O}^{+}$	$\left(v\right)$	Pyramidal
B	$HC\equiv CH$	$\left(i\right)$	Linear
C	$C{l}_2{O}^{-}$	$\left(ii\right)$	Angular
D	$N{H}_4^{+}$	$\left(iii\right)$	Tetrahedal