Question

Match the system of classification with their corresponding characteristics:

S. No.	Column I	S. No.	Column II
A.	Aristotle's system	1.	Character could be easily affected by climate
B.	Carl Linneaus’ system	2.	Classification based on utility
C.	Bentham and Hooker’s system	3.	Only height and girth was not enough to categorize
D.	Early system of classification	4.	Both internal and external features considered

• A. A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
• B. A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1
• C. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
• D. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4

Answer 1

The correct option is C A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2

Early classification about 2 million years ago was based on the utility. Here all the known plants at that time were classified in three categories - edible plants, medicinal plants, poisonous plants.

Aristotle’s system of classification was based on the height and girth of the plant- herbs, shrubs and trees. As the characters were not granular enough for classifying the whole range of different plants, this system was not in use anymore.

Carl Linneaus’ system of classification was based on the physical characteristics of the reproductive structures of the plant such as stamens. As stamens are delicate structures in the plant, they can easily be affected by climate or environment. This can alter their morphology and hence, is not a stable trait to be used for classification.

Bentham and Hooker’s classification is an example of a natural system of classification. It considers the ultrastructure, anatomy, embryology and phytochemistry of the plants.