Question

Maxwell's four equations are written as

(i) $\oint \overrightarrow{E}.\overrightarrow{d}s=\frac{q_0}{{\epsilon }_0}$

(ii)$\oint \overrightarrow{B}.\overrightarrow{d}s=0$

(iii)$\oint \overrightarrow{E}.\overrightarrow{d}l=\frac{d}{dt}\oint \overrightarrow{B}.\overrightarrow{d}s$

(iv)$\oint \overrightarrow{B}.\overrightarrow{d}s={\mu }_0{\epsilon }_0\frac{d}{dt}\oint \overrightarrow{E}.\overrightarrow{d}s$

Which of the above Maxwell's equations shows that electric field lines do not form closed loops?

• A. (i) only
• B. (ii) only
• C. (iii) only
• D. (iv) only

Answer 1

The correct option is A (i) only

$\oint \overrightarrow{E}.\overrightarrow{d}s$ represents electric flux which is equal to the number of electric field lines crossing through an area.

Now for $q_o\ne 0$, implies $\oint \overrightarrow{E}.\overrightarrow{d}s\ne 0$ which indicates Electric field lines do not form closed loops.