Question

Mendel took tall pea plants and short pea plants and produced $F_1$ progeny through cross-fertilization. What did Mendel observe in the $F_1$ progeny?

Answer 1

Mendel crossed tall pea plants (TT) with short pea plants (tt) and he got the following observations in the following F${}_1$ progeny:

1. All the plants were tall.

2. Since, only the tall trait was visible in all plants of the F1 generation, therefore, he concluded that it was a dominant trait and the shortness or dwarf trait was the recessive trait.

Tall (TT) x Short (tt) $\to$ Tall (Tt) [F${}_1$ progeny]