Melatonin is secreted at night by a pea-shaped gland present in the brain, called the pineal gland.
The main function of this hormone is to maintain the sleep-wake cycle. If humans are exposed to light during the night, melatonin synthesis stops, and this phenomenon can have adverse effects on the human body and disturb one’s sleep.
Melatonin is also a short-term supplement for patients with insomnia (lack of sleep).