Question

Mention the functions of the atmosphere.

Answer 1

Atmosphere: The atmosphere is a thick blanket of air that is formed of various layers. It envelops a planetary body and is tethered to its position by the gravitational energy of the planet. The atmosphere serves the following purposes:

1. The atmosphere acts as an absorber for the harmful ultraviolet rays, meteors, and foreign particles that travel through space.
2. It is a source of various gases like oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and trace elements required for various metabolic activities of living beings.
3. It maintains the optimum temperature on earth required for sustaining flora and fauna.
4. It acts as a medium of travel, communication, and survival for various aerial creatures.
5. The air forms a crucial component of seed and pollen dispersal in cross-fertilization.
6. The ionosphere reflects the radio waves to earth for long-distance communication due to the presence of ions and free electrons. Hence, the atmosphere plays a crucial role in the transmission of sound for communication.
7. Combustion, an important process for innumerable industrial and domestic purposes, takes place in presence of oxygen- a major component of the atmosphere.
8. Region-specific climatic conditions, geographically diverse climates, and vastly varying water cycles are maintained due to the circulation of air.
9. Both oxygen and carbon dioxide form a major component of physiological processes in plants and animals. This includes photosynthesis, transpiration, and respiration in particular.