Question

Mention the most significant function of the following:
(i) Semicircular canals
(ii) Bowman's capsule
(iii) Parenchyma
(iv) Leghaemoglobin
(v) Guard cells
(vi) Alevoli

Answer 1

(i) The semicircular canals are three canals used to provide information to the brain on directional balance. Each canal is lined with cilia and filled with fluid called endolympth. As the head and body moves, the fluid moves and pushes the cilia back and forth to create a motion sensor.

(ii) Bowman's capsule performs the first step in the filtration of blood to form urine. Fluids from blood in the glomerulus are collected in the Bowman's capsule and further processed along the nephron to form urine.

(iii) Parenchyma cells are involved in storage, metabolic activities like respiration, protein synthesis, photosynthesis, storage, mechanical support.

(iv) Leghaemoglobin absorbs or binds oxygen so that there is no free oxygen left in the nodule and nitrogenase can carry out its activity of nitrogen fixation unhindered.

(v) Guard cells regulate opening and closing of stomata by intake of potassium ions and water. It helps in exchange of gases.

(vi) Alveoli helps in exchange of oxygen through the membranes of the small balloon-like structures.