Mention the various gonadotropin hormones and their functions.
Mention the various gonadotropin hormones and their functions.
Gonadotropin hormones:
- These are hormones released from the various cells or tissues of the anterior pituitary gland and placenta.
- Gonadotropin stimulates gonads (such as ovaries or testis) so that they can carry out their reproductive functions.
- The gonadotropin hormones include follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH), leutenizing hormone(LH),and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
1. Follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH):
(a). FSH(30,000 Da) is a glycoprotein that promotes the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles in female and spermatogenesis in men.
(b). It stimulates the receptor formation on granulosa cells of the ovary for FSH and LH hormones and Sertoli's cells.
(c). FSH promotes estrogen synthesis and maturation of Graffian follicles in the adult females.
(d). FSH is controlled by different regulators such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH) of hypothalamic origin, inhibin and activin (both of them are gonadotrophic in origin), and estrogen.
2. Luteinizing hormone (LH):
(a) LH(30,000 Da) is a glycoprotein that promotes ovulation in females by rupturing the follicle's basement membrane.
(b) It is responsible for luteinization (formation of Corpus luteum) during the menstrual cycle.
(c) It also regulates estrogen and progesterone hormone levels in adult females.
(d) It stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to produce testosterone.
(e) It is also regulated by ovarian estrogen, progesterone, and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).
3. Human chorionic gonadotropin:
(a) hCG(43,000 Da) is a glycoprotein that is produced by the syncytiotrophoblast.
(b) hCG helps to maintain the corpus luteum for pregnancy.
(c) It promotes progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum during the early stage of pregnancy.
(d) It also shows the antigonadotrophic effect as it inhibits the production of FSH and LH.
(e) It stimulates steroid secretions, so also called the “steroidogenic” hormone.
Gonadotropin hormones:
- These are hormones released from the various cells or tissues of the anterior pituitary gland and placenta.
- Gonadotropin stimulates gonads (such as ovaries or testis) so that they can carry out their reproductive functions.
- The gonadotropin hormones include follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH), leutenizing hormone(LH),and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
1. Follicle-stimulating hormones (FSH):
(a). FSH(30,000 Da) is a glycoprotein that promotes the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles in female and spermatogenesis in men.
(b). It stimulates the receptor formation on granulosa cells of the ovary for FSH and LH hormones and Sertoli's cells.
(c). FSH promotes estrogen synthesis and maturation of Graffian follicles in the adult females.
(d). FSH is controlled by different regulators such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH) of hypothalamic origin, inhibin and activin (both of them are gonadotrophic in origin), and estrogen.
2. Luteinizing hormone (LH):
(a) LH(30,000 Da) is a glycoprotein that promotes ovulation in females by rupturing the follicle's basement membrane.
(b) It is responsible for luteinization (formation of Corpus luteum) during the menstrual cycle.
(c) It also regulates estrogen and progesterone hormone levels in adult females.
(d) It stimulates the interstitial cells of the testes to produce testosterone.
(e) It is also regulated by ovarian estrogen, progesterone, and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).
3. Human chorionic gonadotropin:
(a) hCG(43,000 Da) is a glycoprotein that is produced by the syncytiotrophoblast.
(b) hCG helps to maintain the corpus luteum for pregnancy.
(c) It promotes progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum during the early stage of pregnancy.
(d) It also shows the antigonadotrophic effect as it inhibits the production of FSH and LH.
(e) It stimulates steroid secretions, so also called the “steroidogenic” hormone.
