Question

momentum measures the amount of _______ in a body.

• A. inertia
• B. motion
• C. velocity
• D. acceleration

Answer 1

The correct option is B

motion

Explanation for the correct option

(B): motion

1. The amount of motion of a body is defined as the product of the body's mass and velocity.
2. $P=mv$ is the formula for calculating momentum.

Explanation for incorrect option(s)

(A): inertia

1. Inertia is a characteristic of a body that prevents it from moving or changing the amount or direction of its motion if it is already moving.
2. Inertia is a passive feature that allows a body to do nothing except resist active forces and torques.

(C): velocity

1. An object's velocity is a function of time and is defined as the rate at which its location changes about a frame of reference.
2. Velocity is the speed and direction of motion of an object.

(D): acceleration

1. In terms of both speed and direction, acceleration is the rate at which velocity varies over time.
2. If a point or object moves faster or slower along a straight path, it is said to be accelerated.
3. Because the direction is always changing, motion on a circle is accelerated even though the speed remains constant.

Hence, momentum measures the amount of motion in a body. Hence option (b) is correct.