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Question

Moving particles have wave characteristics was the idea first proposed by.

A

Arnold Sommerfeld

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B

Victor de Broglie

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C

Erwin Schrodinger

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D

Max Bom

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Solution

The correct option is B Victor de Broglie
The concept of dual nature of particles came into existence to satisfy the above mentioned properties as it was first proposed by Louis de Broglie in $1923$ A.D. The presence of matter waves was first experimentally verified by C. J. Davission and L. H. Germer.

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Q. The French physicist Louis de Broglie in 1924 postulated that matter, like radiation, should exhibit a dual behaviour. He proposed the following relationship between the wavelength lambda of a material particle, its linear momentum p and planck constant h.

λ = \frac{h}{p} = \frac{h}{m v}

The de Broglie relation implies that the wavelength of a particle should decrease as its velocity increases. It also implies that for a given velocity heavier particles should have shorter wavelength than lighter particles. The waves associated with particles in motion are called matter waves or de Broglie waves. These waves differ from the electromagnetic waves as they

(i)

have lower velocities

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have no electrical and magnetic fields and

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The experimental confirmation of the de Broglie’s relation was obtained when Davisson and Germer, in 1927, observed that a beam of electrons is diffracted by a nickel crystal. As diffraction is a characteristic property of waves, hence the beam of electron behaves as a wave, as proposed by de Broglie.

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Q. The French physicist Louis de Broglie in 1924 postulated that matter, like radiation, should exhibit a dual behaviour. He proposed the following relationship between the wavelength lambda of a material particle, its linear momentum p and planck constant h.

λ = \frac{h}{p} = \frac{h}{m v}

The de Broglie relation implies that the wavelength of a particle should decrease as its velocity increases. It also implies that for a given velocity heavier particles should have shorter wavelength than lighter particles. The waves associated with particles in motion are called matter waves or de Broglie waves. These waves differ from the electromagnetic waves as they

(i)

have lower velocities

(i i)

have no electrical and magnetic fields and

(i i i)

are not emitted by the particle under consideration.
The experimental confirmation of the de Broglie’s relation was obtained when Davisson and Germer, in 1927, observed that a beam of electrons is diffracted by a nickel crystal. As diffraction is a characteristic property of waves, hence the beam of electron behaves as a wave, as proposed by de Broglie.

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The wave nature of particles was studied using diffraction of particle beams by crystal lattices. The wavelength of the waves associated with fast moving particles was found to be in agreement with the de Broglie relation.

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