Dear student,
Different units required to measure physical features of big and small objects.
The SI unit of lenght is metre. When a larger distance is to be covered,we cannot use metre. So to cover a larger distance we use km(kilometre) and dac(decametre). These are called the multiples of Metre. When the distance is smaller , we use cm(centimetre) and mm (millimetre) . These are called the submultiples of Metre.
Regards