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Colligative Properties

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Question

We have taken three different dilute aqueous solutions of $0.1 M C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}, 0.2 M N a C l and 0.1 M C a C l_{2}$ separately then select the correct statement(s) for these solutions.

C a C l_{2}

solution will have lowest freezing point.

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Order of osmotic pressure of solutions is

C a C l_{2} > N a C l > C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}

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C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}

solution will have highest vapour pressure.

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Order of boiling point of solutions is

N a C l > C a C l_{2} > C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}

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Solution

The correct option is D Order of boiling point of solutions is $N a C l > C a C l_{2} > C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}$
$0.01 M C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}; i = 1 \Rightarrow i \times m = 0.1$
$0.2 M N a C l; i = 2 \Rightarrow i \times m = 0.4$
$0.1 M C a C l_{2}; i = 3 \Rightarrow i \times m = 0.3$
$∴$ Colligative properties are related to van’t hoff factor and molality or amount of solute particles.
According to Raoult’s law, when a non-volatile solution is added to the solvent its vapor pressure decreases.
$(R L V P) = \frac{p^{\circ} - p_{s}}{p_{s}} = i . x_{solute}$
$∴ C_{6} H_{12} O_{6} \Rightarrow$ Highest vapour pressure

$\Rightarrow$ Elevation in boiling point
$↑ Δ T_{b} \propto i . m ↑$
Therefore boiling point order $N a C l > C a C l_{2} > C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}$

$\Rightarrow$ Depression in freezing point
$Δ T_{f} \propto i . m$
$N a C l$ lowest freezing point.

$\Rightarrow$ Osmotic pressure
$π = i . C R T$
Osmotic pressure order : $N a C l > C a C l_{2} > C_{6} H_{12} O_{6}$

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