Diatoms are photosynthesizing algae with a siliceous skeleton (frustule) that can be found in practically every aquatic environment, including fresh and marine waters, soils, and almost any moist environment.
The fact that diatoms are enclosed by a silica (hydrated silicon dioxide) cell wall, known as a frustule, is a distinctive aspect of their anatomy.
Because of their photonic nanostructure, these frustules exhibit structural coloring and have been dubbed "sea jewels" and "living opals."