Name one common substance which can be easily changed from one state to another by heating or cooling.

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Solution

Water can be easily changed from one state to another by heating or cooling. If ice (a solid) is heated it changes to water (a liquid). This change is called melting. If water is heated, it changes to steam (a gas). This change is called boiling. The particles of ice, water, and steam are identical but arranged differently.

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Question 15

Give one example in each case.
Change which occurs on heating but can be reversed.
Change which occurs on heating but cannot be reversed.
Change which occurs on cooling but can be reversed.
Change which occurs on mixing two substances but can be reversed.
Change which occurs on mixing two substances but cannot be reversed.

Q. Give one example in each case.
(a) Change which occurs on heating but can be reversed.
(b) Change which occurs on heating but cannot be reversed.
(c) Change which occurs on cooling but can be reversed.
(d) Change which occurs on mixing two substances, but can be reversed.
(e) Change which occurs on mixing two substances, but cannot be reversed.

Q. We can change the state of water by heating or cooling.

Q. The scientists now say that there are actually five states of matter A, B, C, D and E. The state A has a fixed volume but no fixed shape. The state B can be compressed very easily by applying pressure and state C has a fixed shape as well as a fixed volume. The state D is a mixture of free electrons and ions whereas state E is named after an Indian scientist and a famous physicist.

(a) Name the physical states (i) A (ii) B (iii) C (iv) D, and (v) E
(b) Name one substance belonging to state C which can directly change into vapours on heating. What is this process known as ?
(c) Name one substance which normally belongs to state B but whose solid form changes directly into gaseous state.
(d) Name the most common substance belonging to state A.
(e) Which state of matter makes the sun and other stars to glow ?

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