Question

Name or state the following:

Bond formed by transfer of electron(s).

Answer 1

Bond formed by the transfer of one or more electrons is called an ionic bond or electrovalent bond.

• This bond is formed between oppositely charged ions by a metal and non-metal.
• Example: Sodium chloride (NaCl) is an ionic compound. The electron lost by Sodium (Na) is gained by Chlorine (Cl) resulting in the complete transfer of an electron. The ions thus formed (Na⁺ and Cl^-) are held by electrostatic forces of attraction and an electrovalent or ionic bond is formed.
• $$\begin{gathered} \mathrm{Na}\to {\mathrm{Na}}^{+}+{\mathrm{e}}^{-} \\ \left(\mathrm{Sodium}\right)(\mathrm{Sodium}\mathrm{ion}) \end{gathered}$$
• $$\begin{gathered} \mathrm{Cl}+{\mathrm{e}}^{-}\to {\mathrm{Cl}}^{-} \\ \left(\mathrm{Chlorine}\right)(\mathrm{Chloride}\mathrm{ion}) \end{gathered}$$