Question

Name some hormones produced during pregnancy only.

Answer 1

Hormones released during pregnancy:

hCG:

1. hCG is a crucial hormone in the early stages of pregnancy.
2. It's produced by the placenta after implantation and helps the corpus luteum function.

Progesterone:

1. During early pregnancy, the corpus luteum is a transient tissue in the ovaries that produce other important hormones.
2. The corpus luteum generates progesterone in the first few weeks of pregnancy. The placenta takes over after 8-12 weeks.
3. Progesterone causes the blood vessels that supply the uterine lining to expand.
4. It also causes the lining to secrete nutrients, which feeds the developing embryo.
5. Progesterone also prevents the uterus' smooth muscle from contracting, allowing it to develop in tandem with the baby.

Estrogen:

1. In the same way that the corpus luteum produces progesterone in the early stages of pregnancy, the corpus luteum produces estrogen before the placenta takes over.
2. Estrogen aids in the growth and maintenance of the uterine lining.
3. It promotes fetal development, including organ and body system development.
4. Other crucial pregnancy hormones are also activated and regulated by it.

Prolactin:

1. The hormone prolactin is essential for the production of breast milk.
2. It enlarges the mammary glands in preparation for this (though as previously noted progesterone levels prevent lactation until the baby is born).

Relaxin:

1. The first trimester has the largest levels of relaxin, but it is present throughout the pregnancy.
2. It has several purposes, one of which is to prevent premature birth by slowing uterine muscle contractions.
3. Relaxin also helps the mother's body get ready for childbirth.
4. It eases the delivery of the baby by relaxing pelvic joints and softening and widening the cervix.

Oxytocin:

1. Oxytocin is only found in considerable numbers at the conclusion of pregnancy, though it is present in small amounts prior to that.
2. When labor begins, its levels rise, causing contractions.