Question

Name the alcohol which has an intermolecular hydrogen bond.

Answer 1

Hydrogen bonding

• Hydrogen bonding is the formation of hydrogen bonds, between the hydrogen and another atom.
• These are the type of weak electrostatic forces of attraction caused by the dipole-dipole interaction between a hydrogen atom bound to a highly electronegative atom and another highly electronegative atom nearby.
• Hydrogen bonds can be formed between hydrogen and oxygen, hydrogen and fluorine and hydrogen and nitrogen.
• In Hydrogen bonding, there is an increase in intermolecular aggregation forces which influences the boiling point and solubility of the organic compound.

Types of hydrogen bonding:

There are two types of hydrogen bonding:

1. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding
2. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding

Alcohol has intermolecular hydrogen bonding

• Intermolecular hydrogen bonding

Intramolecular hydrogen bonding means a bond formed within two atoms in a molecule.

Example: p-nitrophenol

Hydrogen bonding in alcohols

• Hydrogen bonding in alcohols is carried out by methanol as shown below,

Intermolecular hydrogen bonding in methanol.

Methanol has an intermolecular hydrogen bond.