Name the anion and cation which constitute the molecule of magnesium oxide.

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Solution

The Magnesium ion is an Alkaline Earth Metal and wants to lose the 2s orbital elections and become a +2 cation. Oxygen(2,6) has six valence electrons and needs two electrons to complete its octet (8) and hence contains a -2 charge. So it is an anion.
In magnesium oxide (MgO)
anion = $O^{2 -}$
cation = $M g^{2 +}$

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