Question

Name the component by which the cell wall is made up of.

Answer 1

Component of cell wall:

1. A cell wall is a non-living component that protects the cell's outer layer.
2. It is permeable, and the composition varies depending on the organism.
3. The cell wall protects the contents of the cell from the outside environment.
4. It also provides structure, support, and protection to the cell and its organelles.
5. Bacterial cell wall: Peptidoglycan (PG), a network of polysaccharide strands with a poly-[N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc)] backbone, makes up the majority of the cell wall.
6. Plant cell wall: The most prevalent macromolecule on Earth, cellulose, is the main component of plant cell walls.
7. Long, linear polymers comprising hundreds of glucose molecules make up cellulose fibres.
8. Plant cells have a cell wall that surrounds their plasma membrane and offers tensile strength as well as defence against osmotic and mechanical stress.
9. Additionally, it enables the development of turgor pressure or the pressure of the contents of the cell against the cell wall.
10. Fungi cell wall: Chitin (a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine), glucans, polysaccharides, mucopolysaccharides, waxes, and colours make up the fungal cell wall.
11. The fungal cell wall contains chemicals called glucans that resemble endotoxins and may activate the immune system.