Question

Name the following:
(i) Gas obtained by treating chlorine in excess of ammonia.
(ii) Solid obtained by passing ammonia over heated copper oxide.
(iii) Products obtained by burning ammonia in oxygen.
(iv) Substance used to dry ammonia.
(v) Liquid when added to metallic nitride that yield ammonia.
(vi) Indicator that turns deep pink when treated with NH₄OH.
(vii) Products obtained by treating ammonia with excess chlorine.
(viii) Basic gas that is used as a refrigerant.
(ix) Solution used to remove fat grease.
(x) Salt known as ammoniac.
(xi) Salt used to clean metal surfaces before soldering, tinning, etc.
(xii) Ammonium salt used in explosive.
(xiii) An acidic gas which reacts with a basic gas liberating neutral gas.
(xiv) A nitride of divalent metal which reacts with hot water producing ammonia.

Answer 1

(i) Gas obtained by treating chlorine in excess of ammonia: Nitrogen gas
$\underset{\mathrm{Ammonia}}{8{\mathrm{NH}}_3}\left(\mathrm{excess}\right)+\underset{\mathrm{Chlorine}\mathrm{gas}}{3{\mathrm{Cl}}_2}\to \underset{\mathrm{Nitrogen}\mathrm{gas}}{{\mathrm{N}}_2}+\underset{\mathrm{Ammonium}\mathrm{Chloride}}{6{\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}}$

(ii) Solid obtained by passing ammonia over heated copper oxide: Metallic copper
$\underset{\mathrm{Copper}\mathrm{oxide}}{3\mathrm{CuO}}+\underset{\mathrm{Ammonia}}{2{\mathrm{NH}}_3}\stackrel{∆}{\to }\underset{\mathrm{Mettalic}\mathrm{copper}}{3\mathrm{Cu}}+3{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}+{\mathrm{N}}_2$$\underset{\mathrm{Copper}\mathrm{oxide}}{3\mathrm{CuO}}+\underset{\mathrm{Ammonia}}{2{\mathrm{NH}}_3}\stackrel{∆}{\to }\underset{\mathrm{Mettalic}\mathrm{copper}}{3\mathrm{Cu}}+3{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}+{\mathrm{N}}_2$

(iii) Products obtained by burning ammonia in oxygen: Nitrogen and water
$4{\mathrm{NH}}_3+3{\mathrm{O}}_2\to 6{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}+2{\mathrm{N}}_2+\mathrm{Heat}$

(iv) Substance used to dry ammonia: Quicklime, also known as calcium oxide (CaO)

(v) Liquid when added to metallic nitride that yield ammonia: Warm water
$$\begin{gathered} \underset{\mathrm{Metal}\mathrm{nitride}}{{\mathrm{M}}_3{\mathrm{N}}_2}+6{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}\to \underset{\mathrm{Metal}\mathrm{hydroxide}}{3\mathrm{M}(\mathrm{OH}{)}_2}+2{\mathrm{NH}}_3 \\ (\mathrm{M}\mathrm{is}\mathrm{Mg}\mathrm{or}\mathrm{Ca}) \end{gathered}$$

(vi) Indicator that turns deep pink when treated with NH₄OH: Phenolphthalein

(vii) Products obtained by treating ammonia with excess chlorine: Nitrogen trichloride
$\underset{\mathrm{Ammonia}}{{\mathrm{NH}}_3}+\underset{\mathrm{Chlorine}\mathrm{gas}}{3{\mathrm{Cl}}_2\left(\mathrm{excess}\right)}\to \underset{\mathrm{Nitrogen}\mathrm{trichloride}}{{\mathrm{NCl}}_3}+\underset{}{3\mathrm{HCl}}$

(viii) Basic gas that is used as a refrigerant: Ammonia

(ix) Solution used to remove fat grease: Ammonia solution

(x) Salt known as ammoniac: Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl)

(xi) Salt used to clean metal surfaces before soldering, tinning, etc.: Ammonium chloride

(xii) Ammonium salt used in explosive: Ammonium nitrate

(xiii) An acidic gas (chlorine gas) which reacts with a basic gas (ammonia) liberating neutral gas (nitrogen gas)
$\underset{\mathrm{Ammonia}}{8{\mathrm{NH}}_3}\left(\mathrm{excess}\right)+\underset{\mathrm{Chlorine}\mathrm{gas}}{3{\mathrm{Cl}}_2}\to \underset{\mathrm{Nitrogen}\mathrm{gas}}{{\mathrm{N}}_2}+\underset{\mathrm{Ammonium}\mathrm{Chloride}}{6{\mathrm{NH}}_4\mathrm{Cl}}$

(xiv) A nitride of divalent metal which reacts with hot water producing ammonia: Magnesium nitride