Name the following :
The process of heating organic substances strongly in the absence of air.

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Solution

The process of heating organic substances strongly in the absence of air is called destructive distillation.
When organic substances such as wood, bone, or sugar are heated strongly in the absence of air in a closed container, charcoal is formed.
In this process, wood charcoal and bone charcoal are formed, depending upon the material used.

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Heating a substance strongly in the absence of air.

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A l_{2} O_{3} . 2 H_{2} O C a l c i n a t i o n - ------ \to B + 2 H_{2} O

B

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