Question

Name the method used for the separation of Benzene$\left({\mathrm{C}}_6{\mathrm{H}}_6\right)$ $\left(80.1°\mathrm{C}\right)$ and Toluene$\left(110.6°\mathrm{C}\right)$.

Answer 1

Separation of mixtures: The process of separation of different constituents of a mixture using physical methods is known as the separation of mixtures.

Fractional distillation: To separate a mixture of two or more miscible liquids for which the difference in boiling points is less than 25 K, a fractional distillation process is used.

The separation of the mixture of Benzene$\left({\mathrm{C}}_6{\mathrm{H}}_6\right)$ and Toluene:

• Fractional distillation is the process by which Benzene and toluene can be separated.
• The Boiling points of benzene $80.1°\mathrm{C}$ and Toluene are$110.6°\mathrm{C}$.
• When we heat the mixture separation will occur at a certain temperature where a fraction of the mixture having a low boiling point starts to vaporize.
• We can collect the condensed vapor in a separate flask after cooling the vapors.
• Benzene with a low boiling point will vapourize first as its boiling point is $80.1°\mathrm{C}$ and then.
• In this way, we can separate these two liquids.

Therefore, fractional distillation is the method used for the separation of Benzene$\left({\mathrm{C}}_6{\mathrm{H}}_6\right)$ and Toluene.