Question

Name the storage form of carbohydrates in plants and animals.

Answer 1

Carbohydrates:

1. In both plants and animals, carbohydrates are the most efficient source of energy.
2. They are stored as starch and glycogen form in plants and animals.
3. The polymeric carbohydrate starch, also known as amylum, is made up of multiple glucose units joined by glycosidic connections.
4. Most green plants generate this polysaccharide to store energy.
5. It is a white powder that has no flavor or odor and is insoluble in cold water or alcohol.
6. The enzyme glucose $1-$phosphate adenylyltransferase is used by plants to convert glucose $1-$phosphate to ADP-glucose.
7. Glycogen is a multi-branched polymer of glucose that is used to store energy in animals. The polysaccharide structure is the body's primary glucose storage structure.
8. In both animals and humans, it is predominantly found in muscle and liver cells.
9. When blood glucose levels are increased, glycogen is made from glucose, and when blood glucose levels fall glycogen serves as a quick source of glucose for tissues throughout the body.
10. Each molecule is linked to another by a $1-4$ glycosidic bond, which is a link from the first carbon atom of the active glucose residue to the sixth carbon atom of the approaching glucose molecule.

Therefore, starch and glycogen are the storage form of carbohydrates in plants and animals.