Question

Name the surgical techniques for males and females which can be used to prevent pregnancy.

Answer 1

Pregnancy:

1. Pregnancy is the outcome of fertilization occurring as a result of the fusion of male and female gametes (sperm and ovum), normally through intercourse.
2. There are several methods adopted to prevent unwanted pregnancies and to keep a check on population growth
3. Both male and female partners can adopt the various birth control methods available:

1. Natural method
2. Barrier method
3. Surgical method
4. Intrauterine contraceptive devices
5. Oral contraceptive pills
6. MTP (medical termination of pregnancy) or abortion

Surgical Method:

1. These are one of the safest methods of contraception in the long run.
2. It can be performed in both men and women.
3. The basic principle of surgical sterilization is to block the transfer of gametes to the site of fertilization and thereby prevent pregnancy.
4. There are 2 methods:

I. Vasectomy:

1. It is a male contraceptive sterilization method.
2. A small section of the vas deferens is removed or tied up through an incision in the scrotum.
3. This is a permanent method and not reversible.

II. Tubectomy:

1. It is a female contraceptive sterilization method.
2. A small section of the fallopian tube in females is removed or tied up through an incision in the abdomen /vagina
3. This is a permanent method and not reversible.