Question

Name two systems of distribution of power in a house. Give the advantages and disadvantages of each system.

Answer 1

Two systems:

The two types of power distribution systems are the tree system and ring system.

Step 1: Tree system

Advantages of tree system:

1. In this system, the neutral and live wires are common for all the circuits.
2. Different circuits are taken from the main distribution board.
3. Since the connections are made in parallel, so all circuits can be separately switched on and off.

Disadvantages of tree system:

1. It is comparatively more expensive and installation is time-consuming.
2. If a fuse melts in one particular line, then all the appliances in that circuit are disconnected.
3. It requires plugs and sockets of different current values for different appliances depending on their power rating
4. Since connections originate from the main distribution board, so a long wire is needed.

Step 2: Ring System

Advantages of ring system:

1. Due to the usage of a single ring feed for the entire house, the length of wiring is comparatively smaller.
2. In the case of short-circuiting, only one appliance is affected since each appliance has an individual fuse.
3. Its installation and maintenance are easier.
4. The ring system is commonly used in households and does not have any major disadvantages.