The correct option is D All of the above
There are plant varieties that prevent damage from insects by developing certain morphological, biochemical or physiological characteristics that makes them unpalatable to the insects. For example, cotton plants with hairy leaves are resistant to jassids, wheat plants also use a similar mechanism to ward off the cereal leaf beetle. Biochemical and physiological characteristics such as high aspartic acid, low nitrogen and sugar content also leads to pest resistance. For e.g. in maize, the low nitrogen and sugar content leads to non-preference by the maize stem borers.