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Variable Oxidation States

Nitrobenzene ...

Question

Nitrobenzene $(C_{6} H_{5} N O_{2})$ can be reduced to aniline $(C_{6} H_{5} N H_{2})$ by electrolytic reduction. The equivalent mass of nitrobenzene will be equal to $(\frac{m o l e c u l a r m a s s}{n})$ . What is the value of $n$ ?

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Solution

The reduction takes place in following way
$C_{6} H_{5} - N O_{2} + 6 H^{+} + b e^{-} \to C_{6} H_{5} N H_{2} + 2 H_{2}$
The N is reduced as
$N^{3} + b e^{-} \to N^{3 -}$
Change of oxidation number $= 6$
$∴$ Equivalent mass $= \frac{m o l e r c u l a r m a s s}{6}$
$n = 6$

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