Question

Note seeds offer several advantage to angiosperms. Firstly since reproductive process such as pollination and fertilisation are independent of water. seed formation is more dependable(reliable)

Answer 1

In some lower group of plants like algae and bryophytes, the fertilization process is dependent on water. Fertilization (union of male and female gametes) in higher plants is independent of water. Seeds are found in the more advanced group of plants like gymnosperms and angiosperms where the ovule or megasporangium develops into a seed after the complete development of the embryo and the process is water independent. Pollination of certain aquatic plants takes place with the help of water, it is called hydrophily. It can be concluded that seed formation cannot be possible without pollination and thus seed formation in aquatic or land plants may depend on water.