Taking one thing at a time = A,B,C,D=4
Taking two things at a time = AB,AC,AD,BA,BC,BD,CA,CB,CD,DA,DB,DC=12
Taking three things at a time = ABC,ACB,ACD,ADC,ABD,ADB,..DAB,DBA,DAC,DCA,DBC,DCB,=24
Taking five things at a time = we can't take more than four things =0